Pole-changing apparatus.



L. M; EVANS, POLE CHANGING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. H, I917- 1,273,773. Patented July 23, 191&

I6 Invenl'or:

p fi:

Al'l'omey m: "mam: rznms on. Pnomlmm. vruumom. n c.

. successive reversals, said means being inder LOUIS M. EVANS, OFALEXANDRIA, VTRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO TIE-IE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITEDSTATES.

POLE-CHANGING APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern; I N

Be it known that I, LOUIS h L EYAN S, a citizen of the United States,residing at Alexandria, in the State of Virginia, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements 1n Pole- Changing Apparatus, of which thefollow ng is a'speclficat on.

This invention relates arimaril to a cur-.

rent reversing transmitter or relay for use in connection withtelegraph, cable, radio or other systems, where it is particularlydesirable to reverse the polarity of the applied current for eachsucceeding electrical impulse, as for example, in transmitting thesuccessive units of Morse alphabets or similar characters, and it mayalso be employed in connection with any other electrical circuits wherealternate contacts are desired, even if it is unessential to reverse thepolarity. 7

As an example of the practical utility of the invention, it may bestated that, as is well known, a long transmitting electrial line, suchas a submarine cable, is much more effective if the polarity is reversedfor each succeeding impulse, and one of the important objects of thepresent invention is to provide mechanism for thus securing thesependent of the outgoing or transmitted current which, if utilized,creates a drag that results in slow operation. In other words, thepresent mechanism is entirely independent of any previous conditions ofthe circuit controlled thereby, so that a positive action is securedunder strictly local conditions and by local means that permits a highspeed transmission.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a view in elevation of thepreferred embodiment of the invention, with unessential parts brokenaway,

Fig. 2 is, a diagrammatic View,

Fig. 3 is a detail diagram to indicate an arrangement for securing areversaloi? polarity.

Similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of the drawings. a l

I11 the embodiment disclosed, a sultable base 4 is employed, on whichare motmted standards 5 connected by a cross bar 6. Moimted on thestandards are two sets of electro-magnets, respectively deslgnated 7Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1918.

Application filed April 11, 1917. Serial No. 161,311.

and 8, and 9 and 10, these magnets being disposed in opposing relationand spaced apart to permit between them the location ofan armature 11thatis pivotally mounted at its lower end, as shownat 12. This armaturemay be termed a pole-reversing dea vice or member, its upper end beingmovable alternately into engagement with contact elements 13 and 14disposed onopposite sides thereof. -The said armature is, however,normally held in a central or neutral position out of engagement withthe contact elements'13 and I l and equidistant from the cores of theelectromagnets by centering springs 15.

'A suitable source of electrical energy is 4 shown at 16, and isincluded in a circuit that includes the electro-magnets 7 8, 9 and 10,said circuit also including a suitable circuit controller 17, which isillustrated in the form of an ordinary make and break trans mitting key.The electro-magnets each have two sets of windings, the windings for themagnet 7 being designated 7 and 7 the windings for the electro-magnet 8being correspondingly design'ated'S and 8 the windings for the magnet 9being illustrated at 9 and. 9", and the windings for the magnet 10 beingdesignated at 1.0 and 10. Tracing out the circuit from the battery 16, aline 18 leads from one pole thereof to the winding 8 and thence to thewinding 7 by the connection 19. From the winding 7 an electricalconnection 2021 is made with the winding 8 which in turn, is in seriesthrough the connection 22 with the winding 7'. The winding 7* isconnected, as shown at 23 and 24 with the winding 9 and the winding 9has an electrical connection 25 with the winding 10". The winding 10 hasan electrical connection 26-27 with the winding 9?, the winding 9 has anelectrical connection 28 With'the winding 10 and the windin 10 is elec--trically connected to the key 1? by the wire 29. The contact element ofsaid key is electrically connected to the other pole of the battery 16,as shown at 30. It will thus be seen that all the windings of allthe'electro- I magnets are in series with the battery 16, and thereforewhen the key 17 is closed, it will be evident that current will passthrough all the windings,.and' but for the r mechanism hereinafterexplained, the electro-magnets would be equally energized so that thearmature 11 would remain in its neutral position.

Pivot-ally mounted, as shown at 31, is a jockey 32 having its upper endin the form of a yoke 33 provided with inset projections 34: that arelocated on opposite sides of a lug 35 projecting from the armature 11.

i This jockey carries an electrical contact in the form of a leaf spring36 secured at its upper end to the jockey, the lower end being free andarranged to contact either with an element 37 or an element 38 mountedon opposite sides of the same. The element 37, as shown in Fig. 2, iselectrically connected by a wire 39 with the wires 2627, and the contactelement 38 is in like manner connected with the wires 20-21 by a wire4,0. The spring 36' in turn is electrically connected, as shown at 4:1with the wires 23-2 l,

and as a result, it will be seen that the spring '36 and contact element37 constitute a short circuiting device for the coils 9" and 10.

" when. the jockey is in one position, and

' The lower end of the jockey is adapted to' when it is in the otherposition, the spring 36 and contact element 38 constitute a shortcircuiting device for the coils 7" and .8".

be held in either of its extreme positions by a roller 4-2 that ridesbeneath the lower end of said jockey, which is pointed for the purpose,this roller being carried by a suitable 7 spring 13. This mechanism maybe generally termed an automatic clrcult controller.

Referring now to Fig. 3, there is illustrated the end of a cable at4:41, which cable through the cable 14:, the other end of said cablebeing, of course, grounded and there already explained is in the neutralposition,

being a suitable receiving apparatus in the circuit'thus produced. Onthe other hand, when the armature 11 is in engagement with the contact14, a current of opposite polarity will pass through the cable l i. Itwill be understood that this showing is made merely for the purposes ofillustration, and may be varied in many well known ways.

Briefly described, the operation of the apparatus is as follows: Withthe parts as shown in'Figs. 1 and 2, the armature 11 as due tothecentering springs .15, and, all the electro-magnets arerde'e'nergized.It will,

however, be noted that as, the spring 36 of the jockey is in contactwith the element 38,

' 'devices.

the coils 7 and 8" are short-circuited. Consequently if the key 17 isoperated to close the local circuit which includes the battery 16, allthe windings of all the electo-magnets will be energized, with theexception of windings 7 and 8 The result is that the electro-magnets 9and 10 are more powerfully energized than the electro-magnets 7 and 8,and as the armature is equidistant be tween them, said magnets 9 and 10will overcome the power of the magnets 7 and 8 and move the armature 11to the right. As a result, the jockey 32 will be shifted to the oppositeposition, thereby breaking the short circuit through the windin s 7 and8", and at the same time short-circuiting the windings 9 and 10, whilethe magnets 7 and 8 thus become more strongly energized than the magnets9 and 10; the armature is now closer to the latter magnets, and theystill have suiiicient power to overcome the double power of the magnets7 and 8 because of the distance between the latter and the armature 11.As soon as the local circuit is broken by opening the key 17, all themagnets are deenergized and immediately the armature 11 returns to itscentral or neutral position, so that upon the succeeding operation ofthe key, the armature will move in the opposite direction. As al readyexplained, when the armature moves to-the right it engages the contact11, and thus causes a current of one polarity to pass through the cable44:, while upon the succeeding operation, it will make engagement withthe contact element 13 and a current of opposite polarity will betransmitted. Y

' From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and'many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent tothose skilled in the art, without further description, and it' will beunderstood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and mlnordetails of construction may be resorted to without departing from thespirit or scope of the invention. Having thus fully described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. In an instrument of the character described, thc combination withpole-changing means, of a local circuit, a controller for the localc1rcu1t, anddevices controlled by similar successive alterations in thecondition of the circuit for alternately operating the pole changingmeans in opposite directions and also effecting the alternate operationof said 2. In an instrument of the character described, the. combinat onwithpole-chan ging means, of a local circuit, an automatic controllerfor the local c1rcu1t, a device for making and breaking the circuit, andmeans in "the c rcuit and controlled by repeated similar operations ofthe device for eifeoting the operation of the. automatic controller andthe alternate operation of the pole-changing means in oppositedirections.

3. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withelectrical polechanging means, of mechanism for operating thepole-changing means, saidmechanism including a local electric circuitindependent of the circuit controlled by the pole-- changing means,means for intermittently altering the condition of said local circuit,and means controlled by successive corresponding alternations tointermittently operate the pole-changing means and cause successivechange of polarity thereby.

4. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withpole-changing means, of a local circuit, an automatic controller for thelocal circuit, a device for making and breaking the circuit, including acontact element and a make and break'device movable into and out ofcontact therewith, and means in the circuit and controlled by theautomatic controller for alternately moving the pole-changing means onthe successive engagement of the make and break 'device with saidcontact element.

5. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withpole-changing means including a shifting device, of mechanism foreffecting a shifting movement of said device, including electro-magneticmeans, a local circuit including the electromagnetic means, means formaking and breaking the local circuit, and means controlled by theshifting of the device for controlling the energization of theelectro-magnetic means by the local circuit.

6. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with apole-changing device, of electro-magnetic means for operating the same,a local circuit including the electro-lnagnetic means, means for makingand breaking the circuit, and means operated by the pole-changing deviceand controlling the energization of the electromagnetic means by thelocal circuit to cause said device to successively change the polaritywhen operated by the electro-magnetic means.

7. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with apole-changing device having a back and forth movement and alternatelyeffecting a change of polarity thereby, of opposing electro-magnets foralternately actuating the same, a local circuit, means for controllingsaid circuit, and

means operating with the pole-changing device to alternately vary theconditions of the opposing electro-magnets by the local circuit andthereby respectively effecting the back and forth movement of thepolechanging device.

8. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination with apole-changing device having a back and forth move ment, of opposingelectroanagnets for al-' ternately shifting the same, a source ofelectrical energ means for connecting the source of electrical energy tothe electromagnets, including a circuit controller, and means actuatedwith the pole-changing device to alternately vary the conditions of theelectro-magnets and cause successive back and forth movements of thepole-changing device upon the successive operations of the circuitcontroller.

9. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withoppositely acting electro-magnets, of a pole-changing member operatedthereby respectively in opposite directions, a local circuit includingthe electro-magnets, a circuit controller, and means operating with thepole-changing member to automatically and alternately vary theconditions of the opposing electromagnets to cause them to move thepolechanging member alternately in opposite directions and therebyalternately change the current controlled by the member.

10. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withoppositely acting electro-magnets having sectional windings, of apole-changing member operated respectively in opposite directionsthereby, a local circuit including the windings of the electro-magnets,a circuit controller, and means operating with the pole-changing memberto automatically and alternately cut out certain windings of theelectro-magnets to cause them to operate the pole-changing memberalternately in opposite directions and thereby alternately change thecurrent controlled by said member.

11. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withoppositely acting electro-magnets, of a swinging polechanging memberrespectively operated thereby, pole-contact elements alternately en.-gaged by said member, means for normally holding the member out ofcontactwith both elements, a local circuit including bothelectro-magnets, means for making and breaking the circuit, and a deviceoperating with the pole-changing member for controlling the condition ofthe magnets to alternately 7 act upon the changing member as the localcircuit is successively opened and closed.

12. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withspaced oppositely disposed electrdmagnets, of an armature pivotallymounted therebetween, contact elements disposed on opposite sides of ingcertain of the windings of the opposite magnets, and meansfor normallyholding the armature in neutral relation with respect to the magnets.

13. In an instrument of the character set forth, the combination withdifferent polecontact elements, of a circuit closer member movable backand forth between the two for alternately changing the current, meansfor normally maintaining the member in a neu tralposition out of contactwith both elements, an electrical circuit, means for altering thecondition of the same from a normal condition and means in said circuitfor automatically shifting the circuit closer member from'the neutralposition into contact with one element when the condition of the circuitis altered and into contact with the other element when the saidcondition is again similarly altered.

14. In an instrun'ient of the character set fortlnthe combination withspaced pole con tact elements, of a circuit closer member movable backand forth between the two for changing the current, means fornormally(maintaining the member in'a neutral position out of contactwith both elements,

air-electrical circuit, means for altering the condition of the samefrom a normal condition, means for making and breaking the circuit,andineans in said circuit for-automatically shifting the circuit closermember from said neutral position alternately into engagement with thetwo contact elements upon the successive operation of the circuit makingand breaking means. 7

15. In an instrument of the character described, the combination withpole-changing means, of eliactro-magnets for alternately operating thepole-changing means, a local circuit including said electro-magnets, acircuit controller for the localflc'ircuit, and

means for automatically 7 and alternately short circuiting differentof"sa1d"electro inagnets on the successive similar changes in conditionof the local circuit by the con- 4 troller thereof 1 In testimonywhereof, I allix my. signature n. the presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS M. EVANS.

Vitnesses FOSTER VEITENHEIMER,

G. A, GRAHAM.

Copies of this patent may be, obtained for five'cen ts each, byaddressing the "Commissioner of Iatents;

' Wa smngttinyD. 0." r

